| Level 3 vocabulary |
| 以下 | (n) less than/ up to/ below/ under/ and downward/ not exceeding/ the following/ the rest/ (P) |  |
| 以上 | (n-adv,n-t) more than/ exceeding/ greater than/ this is all/ over/ above/ and up/ beyond/ the above-mentione |  |
| 以内 | (n,n-suf) within/ inside of/ less than/ (P) |  |
| Level 2 vocabulary |
| 以外 | (n-adv) with the exception of/ excepting/ (P) |  |
| 以後 | (n-adv,n-t) after this/ from now on/ hereafter/ thereafter/ (P) |  |
| 以降 | (n-adv,n-t) on and after/ hereafter/ thereafter/ (P) |  |
| 以前 | (n-adv,n-t) ago/ since/ before/ previous/ (P) |  |
| 以来 | (n-adv,n-t) since/ henceforth/ (P) |  |